Chelators Controlling Cancer

Hemoglobin. 2008 Jan;32(1):217-227.
Chelators Controlling Metal Metabolism and Toxicity Pathways:
Applications in Cancer Prevention, Diagnosis and
Treatment.Kontoghiorghes GJ, Efstathiou A, Ioannou-Loucaides S,
Kolnagou A.
Postgraduate Research Institute of Science, Technology, Environment
and Medicine, Limassol, Cyprus.

Chelating drugs and chelator metal complexes are used for the
prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Cancer cells and normal
cells require essential metal ions such as iron, copper and zinc for
growth and proliferation. Chelators can target the metabolic pathways
of cancer cells through the control of proteins involved in the
regulation of these metals and also of other molecules involved in
cell cycle control, angiogenesis and metastatic suppression. Other
targets include the inhibition of specific proteins such as
ribonucleotide reductase involved in DNA synthesis, the inhibition of
free radical damage on DNA caused by iron and copper catalytic
centers, the inhibition of microbial growth in immuno compromised
cancer patients and the decorporation of radioactive and other toxic
metals causing cancer. Chelating drugs and metal ions can affect the
metabolism, efficacy and toxicity of anti-cancer drugs such as
doxorubicin, mitozantrone, bleiomycin and hydroxyurea (HU). Although
many experimental chelators have been shown to be effective as anti-
cancer agents, only a few, e.g., dexrazoxane, deferoxamine (DFO) and
triapine, have reached the stage of clinical testing or application.
In many experimental models, deferiprone (L1) has been shown to be
effective in cancer prevention and treatment, and in the inhibition of
doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. New anti-cancer drugs could be
developed using chelators and chelator complexes with platinum and
other metals, and also new protocols of combinations of chelators with
known anti-cancer drugs.

PMID: 18274999 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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