Iron Correlated With Cancer Directly

An ecological study of cancer mortality rates including indices for
dietary iron and zinc.
Grant WB
Anticancer Res 2008 May-Jun; 28(3B):1955-63.

BACKGROUND: Dietary iron and zinc affect the risk of cancer, with
dietary iron generally correlated with increased risk and dietary zinc
with reduced risk. However, zinc supplements have been found
correlated with increased risk of cancer.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: An ecological study was conducted using state-
averaged cancer mortality rate data for white Americans for 1970-94
with indices for alcohol consumption, smoking, Hispanic heritage, and
urban residence plus dietary factors for four large U.S. regions.
RESULTS: The dietary zinc index was inversely correlated with 12 types
of cancer, whereas the dietary iron index was directly correlated with
10 types of cancer which correlated with both iron directly and zinc
inversely were bladder, breast, colon, esophageal, gastric, rectal
cancer, and Hodgkin's lymphoma; those inversely with zinc only were
laryngeal, nasopharyngeal, oral, skin and vulvar cancer. Solar UVB was
inversely correlated with 10 of the 15 types of cancer for which the
iron and/or zinc indices had significant correlations, the smoking and
urban indices with nine, and the alcohol index with eight.
CONCLUSION: Although there are mechanisms that explain why zinc should
reduce the risk of cancer, whereas iron should increase the risk,
these indices may represent the dietary sources of these nutrients,
e.g. whole grains for zinc and red meat for iron, and other components
of these dietary factors.

Anticancer research [Anticancer Res]


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