=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Studies_Find_Obesity_Is_=91the_Result_of_Compl ex_Networks_of_Genes=92?=

http://www.efluxmedia.com/news_Studi...sult_of_Comple
x_Networks_of_Genes_15250.html

A new research shows that an entire network of genes in the body is
disrupted by overeating and this not only causes obesity, but also diabetes
and heart disease.


In two related studies, scientists at Merck Research Laboratories (MRL) and
their collaborators used large-scale analyses of data on DNA variations,
gene expression patterns in disease-relevant tissues and clinical data to
identify molecular networks underlying metabolic disorders.


The first study, involving Merck researchers and colleagues from the
University of California at Los Angeles, used liver and fat tissue samples
from mice to identify genetic variations associated with obesity, diabetes
and atherosclerosis. Then, the authors constructed gene networks and
identified core groups of genes in these networks that caused the diseases.
Based on various analyses, the authors identified and experimentally
validated three novel genes causally related to obesity-associated traits:
Lpl, Pmpll and Lactb. All of them provide new targets for anti obesity
drugs because they seem key players in the genetic network that control
girth.

The second study by researchers from Merck, the Icelandic company deCODE
Genetics and the National University, Iceland involved more than 1,000
people known to be susceptible to obesity and then used a powerful computer
to match data on genetic makeup, gene use and obesity to identify networks
of gene interactions altered in individual susceptible to obesity. A gene
expression network constructed from human fat tissue contained a similar
core group of genes found to be causally related to obesity in the mouse
study.

“What the new methods we’ve developed deliver is the complex web (network)
of interacting genes in disease relevant tissues that actually lead to
disease. These studies strongly support the theory that common diseases
such as obesity result from genetic and environmental disturbances in
entire networks of genes rather than in a handful of genes. If diseases
like obesity are the result of complex networks of genes, the accurate
reconstruction of these networks will be critical to identifying the best
therapeutic targets,” Dr. Eric Schadt, executive director of Genetics at
Merck Research Laboratories and senior author wrote in the studies.


Dr. Schadt also said a good diet and exercise remain the best ways to
prevent the onset of obesity.

"If you are not going to alter your lifestyle, we can identify what network
is going to be most significantly altered. Then we can bring that network
more into a state to where it looks like when you are on a normal diet."

Schadt suggests the diseases of obesity seem to originate in the immune
system and the network is enriched for genes that are involved in
macrophages.

"In a normal state these things are keeping you free of infection and
fighting off things that want to harm your body. This network is also
significantly changed when you are on a high-fat diet," he added.

The results of the studies appeared in the journal Nature.

In news:20080317234720.36E4D4E620@outpost.zedz.net sally@northstar.com
(Sally) wrote:

> A new research shows that an entire network of genes in the body is
> disrupted by overeating and this not only causes obesity,

Wait ...

Overeating disrupts these genes and ->that's what causes obesity?

Of course, not overeating would fix it anyway.

--
Bert Hyman St. Paul, MN bert@iphouse.com

Sally <sally@northstar.com> wrote

> http://www.efluxmedia.com/news_Studi...sult_of_Comple
> x_Networks_of_Genes_15250.html

> A new research shows that an entire network of genes in the
> body is disrupted by overeating and this not only causes obesity,

Have fun explaining why we have seen grossly more obesity
than we ever saw in the past, when the genes havent
changed significantly, right thruout the modern first world now.

> but also diabetes and heart disease.

> In two related studies, scientists at Merck Research Laboratories (MRL)
> and their collaborators used large-scale analyses of data on DNA variations,
> gene expression patterns in disease-relevant tissues and clinical data to
> identify molecular networks underlying metabolic disorders.

Neither explain that problem above.

> The first study, involving Merck researchers and colleagues from
> the University of California at Los Angeles, used liver and fat tissue
> samples from mice to identify genetic variations associated with
> obesity, diabetes and atherosclerosis. Then, the authors constructed
> gene networks and identified core groups of genes in these networks
> that caused the diseases. Based on various analyses, the authors
> identified and experimentally validated three novel genes causally
> related to obesity-associated traits: Lpl, Pmpll and Lactb. All of
> them provide new targets for anti obesity drugs because they
> seem key players in the genetic network that control girth.

Doesnt explain that problem above.

> The second study by researchers from Merck, the Icelandic company
> deCODE Genetics and the National University, Iceland involved more
> than 1,000 people known to be susceptible to obesity and then used
> a powerful computer to match data on genetic makeup, gene use
> and obesity to identify networks of gene interactions altered in
> individual susceptible to obesity. A gene expression network
> constructed from human fat tissue contained a similar core group of
> genes found to be causally related to obesity in the mouse study.

Doesnt explain that problem above.

> "What the new methods we've developed deliver is the complex
> web (network) of interacting genes in disease relevant tissues
> that actually lead to disease. These studies strongly support
> the theory that common diseases such as obesity result from
> genetic and environmental disturbances in entire networks of
> genes rather than in a handful of genes.

No it doesnt, because of that problem above.

> If diseases like obesity are the result of complex networks of genes,

Cant be, see above.

> the accurate reconstruction of these networks will be critical to identifying
> the best therapeutic targets," Dr. Eric Schadt, executive director of Genetics
> at Merck Research Laboratories and senior author wrote in the studies.

> Dr. Schadt also said a good diet and exercise remain
> the best ways to prevent the onset of obesity.

> "If you are not going to alter your lifestyle, we can identify
> what network is going to be most significantly altered.
> Then we can bring that network more into a state to
> where it looks like when you are on a normal diet."

> Schadt suggests the diseases of obesity seem to
> originate in the immune system and the network is
> enriched for genes that are involved in macrophages.

Doesnt explain the above.

> "In a normal state these things are keeping you free of infection and
> fighting off things that want to harm your body. This network is also
> significantly changed when you are on a high-fat diet," he added.

> The results of the studies appeared in the journal Nature.

Doesnt explain the above.

On Mar 17, 5:54*pm, "Rod Speed" <rod.speed....@gmail.com> wrote:
> Sally <sa...@northstar.com> wrote
>
> >http://www.efluxmedia.com/news_Studi...the_Result_of_...
> > x_Networks_of_Genes_15250.html
> > A new research shows that an entire network of genes in the
> > body is disrupted by overeating and this not only causes obesity,
>
> Have fun explaining why we have seen grossly more obesity
> than we ever saw in the past, when the genes havent
> changed significantly, right thruout the modern first world now.
>
> > but also diabetes and heart disease.
> > In two related studies, scientists at Merck Research Laboratories (MRL)
> > and their collaborators used large-scale analyses of data on DNA variations,
> > gene expression patterns in disease-relevant tissues and clinical data to
> > identify molecular networks underlying metabolic disorders.
>
> Neither explain that problem above.
>
> > The first study, involving Merck researchers and colleagues from
> > the University of California at Los Angeles, used liver and fat tissue
> > samples from mice to identify genetic variations associated with
> > obesity, diabetes and atherosclerosis. Then, the authors constructed
> > gene networks and identified core groups of genes in these networks
> > that caused the diseases. Based on various analyses, the authors
> > identified and experimentally validated three novel genes causally
> > related to obesity-associated traits: Lpl, Pmpll and Lactb. All of
> > them provide new targets for anti obesity drugs because they
> > seem key players in the genetic network that control girth.
>
> Doesnt explain that problem above.
>
> > The second study by researchers from Merck, the Icelandic company
> > deCODE Genetics and the National University, Iceland involved more
> > than 1,000 people known to be susceptible to obesity and then used
> > a powerful computer to match data on genetic makeup, gene use
> > and obesity to identify networks of gene interactions altered in
> > individual susceptible to obesity. A gene expression network
> > constructed from human fat tissue contained a similar core group of
> > genes found to be causally related to obesity in the mouse study.
>
> Doesnt explain that problem above.
>
> > "What the new methods we've developed deliver is the complex
> > web (network) of interacting genes in disease relevant tissues
> > that actually lead to disease. These studies strongly support
> > the theory that common diseases such as obesity result from
> > genetic and environmental disturbances in entire networks of
> > genes rather than in a handful of genes.
>
> No it doesnt, because of that problem above.
>
> > If diseases like obesity are the result of complex networks of genes,
>
> Cant be, see above.
>
> > the accurate reconstruction of these networks will be critical to identifying
> > the best therapeutic targets," Dr. Eric Schadt, executive director of Genetics
> > at Merck Research Laboratories and senior author wrote in the studies.
> > Dr. Schadt also said a good diet and exercise remain
> > the best ways to prevent the onset of obesity.
> > "If you are not going to alter your lifestyle, we can identify
> > what network is going to be most significantly altered.
> > Then we can bring that network more into a state to
> > where it looks like when you are on a normal diet."
> > Schadt suggests the diseases of obesity seem to
> > originate in the immune system and the network is
> > enriched for genes that are involved in macrophages.
>
> Doesnt explain the above.
>
> > "In a normal state these things are keeping you free of infection and
> > fighting off things that want to harm your body. This network is also
> > significantly changed when you are on a high-fat diet," he added.
> > The results of the studies appeared in the journal Nature.
>
> Doesnt explain the above.

If you want an explanation of why so there are so many overweight
people now but not in the past, I would say that through most of
history, getting enough food was difficult, so most people did not
really get enough to eat. Evolution explains why people overeat...it
is a survival instinct. ONly those people who were able to overeat and
probably eat fast were able to survive cause they never knew where the
next meal was coming from. This applies to wild animals as well. If
you aren't agressive and eat fast, you don't survive. Overeating in
this scenario is not going to make you obese though, cause you may not
get to eat again for a day or two. Unfortunatly, we are stuck with
these survival eating genes, but food is plentiful, so people overeat
time and time again, rather than occasionally as nature intended.

Food is a necessity, so it would have had significant implications in
many aspects of humanity. Perhaps people even became civilized and
cooperated to hunt and gather food, or to ban together to keep other
animals or people from stealing their food, hence socialization. But
people did not get to the top of the evolutionary tree by being meek
and withdrawn. They had to be aggressive too. You probably needed to
hunt by using your brain as well and those without superior mental and
physical skills were able to survive. Our bodies are anachronisms- we
still crave high-calorie, high-fat foods and lots of it, but for most
of us food is very easy to obtain today. dkw

dkw12002@yahoo.com wrote
> Rod Speed <rod.speed....@gmail.com> wrote
>> Sally <sa...@northstar.com> wrote

>>> http://www.efluxmedia.com/news_Studi...the_Result_of_...
>>> x_Networks_of_Genes_15250.html
>>> A new research shows that an entire network of genes in the
>>> body is disrupted by overeating and this not only causes obesity,

>> Have fun explaining why we have seen grossly more obesity
>> than we ever saw in the past, when the genes havent
>> changed significantly, right thruout the modern first world now.

>>> but also diabetes and heart disease.
>>> In two related studies, scientists at Merck Research Laboratories
>>> (MRL) and their collaborators used large-scale analyses of data
>>> on DNA variations, gene expression patterns in disease-relevant
>>> tissues and clinical data to identify molecular networks underlying
>>> metabolic disorders.

>> Neither explain that problem above.

>>> The first study, involving Merck researchers and colleagues from
>>> the University of California at Los Angeles, used liver and fat tissue
>>> samples from mice to identify genetic variations associated with
>>> obesity, diabetes and atherosclerosis. Then, the authors constructed
>>> gene networks and identified core groups of genes in these networks
>>> that caused the diseases. Based on various analyses, the authors
>>> identified and experimentally validated three novel genes causally
>>> related to obesity-associated traits: Lpl, Pmpll and Lactb. All of
>>> them provide new targets for anti obesity drugs because they
>>> seem key players in the genetic network that control girth.

>> Doesnt explain that problem above.

>>> The second study by researchers from Merck, the Icelandic company
>>> deCODE Genetics and the National University, Iceland involved more
>>> than 1,000 people known to be susceptible to obesity and then used
>>> a powerful computer to match data on genetic makeup, gene use
>>> and obesity to identify networks of gene interactions altered in
>>> individual susceptible to obesity. A gene expression network
>>> constructed from human fat tissue contained a similar core group of
>>> genes found to be causally related to obesity in the mouse study.

>> Doesnt explain that problem above.

>>> "What the new methods we've developed deliver is the complex
>>> web (network) of interacting genes in disease relevant tissues
>>> that actually lead to disease. These studies strongly support
>>> the theory that common diseases such as obesity result from
>>> genetic and environmental disturbances in entire networks of
>>> genes rather than in a handful of genes.

>> No it doesnt, because of that problem above.

>>> If diseases like obesity are the result of complex networks of genes,

>> Cant be, see above.

>>> the accurate reconstruction of these networks will be critical to
>>> identifying the best therapeutic targets," Dr. Eric Schadt,
>>> executive director of Genetics at Merck Research Laboratories and
>>> senior author wrote in the studies.
>>> Dr. Schadt also said a good diet and exercise remain
>>> the best ways to prevent the onset of obesity.
>>> "If you are not going to alter your lifestyle, we can identify
>>> what network is going to be most significantly altered.
>>> Then we can bring that network more into a state to
>>> where it looks like when you are on a normal diet."
>>> Schadt suggests the diseases of obesity seem to
>>> originate in the immune system and the network is
>>> enriched for genes that are involved in macrophages.

>> Doesnt explain the above.

>>> "In a normal state these things are keeping you free of infection
>>> and fighting off things that want to harm your body. This network
>>> is also significantly changed when you are on a high-fat diet," he
>>> added. The results of the studies appeared in the journal Nature.

>> Doesnt explain the above.

> If you want an explanation of why so there are so many overweight people
> now but not in the past, I would say that through most of history, getting
> enough food was difficult, so most people did not really get enough to eat.

Doesnt explain say the time just after the last century started, or say after
WW2 where that was nothing like true right thruout the modern first world.

> Evolution explains why people overeat...it is a survival instinct.

Doesnt explain why they didnt in those times I just listed.

> ONly those people who were able to overeat and probably eat fast were able
> to survive cause they never knew where the next meal was coming from.

That hasnt applied much anywhere in the first world since the industrial revolution.

> This applies to wild animals as well.

And domesticated animals not necessarily get obese even when they can
eat as much as they like whenever they like. I used to let my Alsatian help
himself from a 10KG sack of dry dog food. I used to just slash the sack
and he could help himself whenever he wanted to and I replaced the sack
with a new one whenever he had eaten the one before it.

> If you aren't agressive and eat fast, you don't survive.

Thats a very naive view of how most wild animals operate.

It doesnt even apply to the bulk of the herbivores.

> Overeating in this scenario is not going to make you obese though, cause
> you may not get to eat again for a day or two. Unfortunatly, we are stuck
> with these survival eating genes, but food is plentiful, so people overeat
> time and time again, rather than occasionally as nature intended.

Still doesnt explain why we didnt see the current levels of obesity in the times I listed above.

> Food is a necessity, so it would have had significant implications in
> many aspects of humanity. Perhaps people even became civilized and
> cooperated to hunt and gather food, or to ban together to keep other
> animals or people from stealing their food, hence socialization.

We've moved WAY past that for millennia now.

> But people did not get to the top of the evolutionary tree by being
> meek and withdrawn. They had to be aggressive too. You probably
> needed to hunt by using your brain as well and those without superior
> mental and physical skills were able to survive. Our bodies are
> anachronisms- we still crave high-calorie, high-fat foods and
> lots of it, but for most of us food is very easy to obtain today.

Still doesnt explain why we didnt see the current levels of obesity in the times I listed above.

On Mar 17, 6:47 pm, sa...@northstar.com (Sally) wrote:
> http://www.efluxmedia.com/news_Studi...the_Result_of_...
> x_Networks_of_Genes_15250.html
>
> A new research shows that an entire network of genes in the body is
> disrupted by overeating and this not only causes obesity, but also diabetes
> and heart disease.
>
> In two related studies, scientists at Merck Research Laboratories (MRL) and
> their collaborators used large-scale analyses of data on DNA variations,
> gene expression patterns in disease-relevant tissues and clinical data to
> identify molecular networks underlying metabolic disorders.
>
> The first study, involving Merck researchers and colleagues from the
> University of California at Los Angeles, used liver and fat tissue samples
> from mice to identify genetic variations associated with obesity, diabetes
> and atherosclerosis. Then, the authors constructed gene networks and
> identified core groups of genes in these networks that caused the diseases.
> Based on various analyses, the authors identified and experimentally
> validated three novel genes causally related to obesity-associated traits:
> Lpl, Pmpll and Lactb. All of them provide new targets for anti obesity
> drugs because they seem key players in the genetic network that control
> girth.
>
> The second study by researchers from Merck, the Icelandic company deCODE
> Genetics and the National University, Iceland involved more than 1,000
> people known to be susceptible to obesity and then used a powerful computer
> to match data on genetic makeup, gene use and obesity to identify networks
> of gene interactions altered in individual susceptible to obesity. A gene
> expression network constructed from human fat tissue contained a similar
> core group of genes found to be causally related to obesity in the mouse
> study.
>
> "What the new methods we've developed deliver is the complex web (network)
> of interacting genes in disease relevant tissues that actually lead to
> disease. These studies strongly support the theory that common diseases
> such as obesity result from genetic and environmental disturbances in
> entire networks of genes rather than in a handful of genes. If diseases
> like obesity are the result of complex networks of genes, the accurate
> reconstruction of these networks will be critical to identifying the best
> therapeutic targets," Dr. Eric Schadt, executive director of Genetics at
> Merck Research Laboratories and senior author wrote in the studies.
>
> Dr. Schadt also said a good diet and exercise remain the best ways to
> prevent the onset of obesity.
>
> "If you are not going to alter your lifestyle, we can identify what network
> is going to be most significantly altered. Then we can bring that network
> more into a state to where it looks like when you are on a normal diet."
>
> Schadt suggests the diseases of obesity seem to originate in the immune
> system and the network is enriched for genes that are involved in
> macrophages.
>
> "In a normal state these things are keeping you free of infection and
> fighting off things that want to harm your body. This network is also
> significantly changed when you are on a high-fat diet," he added.
>
> The results of the studies appeared in the journal Nature.

You mean 'the Result of Complex Networks of Genes' that we developed
over millions of years of evolution while not eating significant
amounts fo refined carbs?

Sush a complex network of genes and such a simple solution around it.
Don't eat junk carbs,

It sounds like these guys need to read Taubes and also about epigenetics.

On Tue, 18 Mar 2008 11:54:50 +1100, "Rod Speed"
<rod.speed.aaa@gmail.com> wrote:

>Sally <sally@northstar.com> wrote
>
>> http://www.efluxmedia.com/news_Studi...sult_of_Comple
>> x_Networks_of_Genes_15250.html
>
>> A new research shows that an entire network of genes in the
>> body is disrupted by overeating and this not only causes obesity,
>
>Have fun explaining why we have seen grossly more obesity
>than we ever saw in the past, when the genes havent
>changed significantly, right thruout the modern first world now.
>
>> but also diabetes and heart disease.
>
>> In two related studies, scientists at Merck Research Laboratories (MRL)
>> and their collaborators used large-scale analyses of data on DNA variations,
>> gene expression patterns in disease-relevant tissues and clinical data to
>> identify molecular networks underlying metabolic disorders.
>
>Neither explain that problem above.
>
>> The first study, involving Merck researchers and colleagues from
>> the University of California at Los Angeles, used liver and fat tissue
>> samples from mice to identify genetic variations associated with
>> obesity, diabetes and atherosclerosis. Then, the authors constructed
>> gene networks and identified core groups of genes in these networks
>> that caused the diseases. Based on various analyses, the authors
>> identified and experimentally validated three novel genes causally
>> related to obesity-associated traits: Lpl, Pmpll and Lactb. All of
>> them provide new targets for anti obesity drugs because they
>> seem key players in the genetic network that control girth.
>
>Doesnt explain that problem above.
>
>> The second study by researchers from Merck, the Icelandic company
>> deCODE Genetics and the National University, Iceland involved more
>> than 1,000 people known to be susceptible to obesity and then used
>> a powerful computer to match data on genetic makeup, gene use
>> and obesity to identify networks of gene interactions altered in
>> individual susceptible to obesity. A gene expression network
>> constructed from human fat tissue contained a similar core group of
>> genes found to be causally related to obesity in the mouse study.
>
>Doesnt explain that problem above.
>
>> "What the new methods we've developed deliver is the complex
>> web (network) of interacting genes in disease relevant tissues
>> that actually lead to disease. These studies strongly support
>> the theory that common diseases such as obesity result from
>> genetic and environmental disturbances in entire networks of
>> genes rather than in a handful of genes.
>
>No it doesnt, because of that problem above.
>
>> If diseases like obesity are the result of complex networks of genes,
>
>Cant be, see above.
>
>> the accurate reconstruction of these networks will be critical to identifying
>> the best therapeutic targets," Dr. Eric Schadt, executive director of Genetics
>> at Merck Research Laboratories and senior author wrote in the studies.
>
>> Dr. Schadt also said a good diet and exercise remain
>> the best ways to prevent the onset of obesity.
>
>> "If you are not going to alter your lifestyle, we can identify
>> what network is going to be most significantly altered.
>> Then we can bring that network more into a state to
>> where it looks like when you are on a normal diet."
>
>> Schadt suggests the diseases of obesity seem to
>> originate in the immune system and the network is
>> enriched for genes that are involved in macrophages.
>
>Doesnt explain the above.
>
>> "In a normal state these things are keeping you free of infection and
>> fighting off things that want to harm your body. This network is also
>> significantly changed when you are on a high-fat diet," he added.
>
>> The results of the studies appeared in the journal Nature.
>
>Doesnt explain the above.
>
You are right, it doesn't explain the above-but is does show that the
people affected are not at the mercy if just an appetite. Be assured
that if it were as simple as an idiot telling a fat person to "lose
weight or I will make your life Hell on earth," there would probably
be no fat people.

There may be less idiots though becuase the dieters would problem
choke the shit out of them.

LV

"I rode a tank and held a general's rank
When the blitzkrieg raged and the bodies stank."

---Sympathy for the Devil-The Rolling Stones
--------------------------------------------
"A fanatic cannot change his mind and will not
change the subject."

---Winston Churchill
----------------------------------------------

Posted Via Usenet.com Premium Usenet Newsgroup Services
----------------------------------------------------------
** SPEED ** RETENTION ** COMPLETION ** ANONYMITY **
----------------------------------------------------------
http://www.usenet.com

On Tue, 18 Mar 2008, Lady Veteran <armyvet@bigfoot.com> wrote:
>
>There may be less idiots though becuase the dieters would problem
>choke the shit out of them.

Behold the benefits of a degree from Academy International.

From The 0fficial Lady Veteran F A Q v1.10:

28. Did Lady Veteran receive her degree from a "diploma mill"?

Lady Veteran's degree came from Academy International of Santa Barbara,
California. This school has no website, no listed phone number, no
references from alumni, and above all, there is now a chiropractor's office
at Academy International's last known address.

On 22 Mar 2008 01:22:37 -0000, paul@academyintl.com (Paul) wrote:

>On Tue, 18 Mar 2008, Lady Veteran <armyvet@bigfoot.com> wrote:
>>
>>There may be less idiots though becuase the dieters would problem
>>choke the shit out of them.
>
>Behold the benefits of a degree from Academy International.
>
>From The 0fficial Lady Veteran F A Q v1.10:
>
>28. Did Lady Veteran receive her degree from a "diploma mill"?
>
>Lady Veteran's degree came from Academy International of Santa Barbara,
>California. This school has no website, no listed phone number, no
>references from alumni, and above all, there is now a chiropractor's office
>at Academy International's last known address.
>

Some people are just so obsessive. You are a stalker, did you know
that? I am not going anywhere, brain stem.

LV

"I rode a tank and held a general's rank
When the blitzkrieg raged and the bodies stank."

---Sympathy for the Devil-The Rolling Stones
--------------------------------------------
"A fanatic cannot change his mind and will not
change the subject."

---Winston Churchill
----------------------------------------------




Posted Via Usenet.com Premium Usenet Newsgroup Services
----------------------------------------------------------
** SPEED ** RETENTION ** COMPLETION ** ANONYMITY **
----------------------------------------------------------
http://www.usenet.com